Research on the relationship between power system and its automation and relay protection

With the gradual prosperity of the social economy, the power system has been widely used and expanded in today's society. However, in the process of power system operation, the occurrence of fault is difficult to avoid, such as circuit fault, power imbalance, poor contact and so on, these faults pose a great threat to the safety and stability of power equipment and power grid. Therefore, on the safety and reliability of power system, the importance of exploring automation and relay protection technology is becoming more and more prominent. With the increasing progress of science and technology, power system automation technology gradually improved, widely used in power system. The automation system can monitor the parameters and signals of the power system in real time, deal with all kinds of abnormal conditions, keep alert at all times, so that the fault and accident can be quickly resolved and isolated. It is necessary to pay attention to and improve the safety and reliability of the power system. In this context, it is self-evident that the relationship between power system automation and relay protection, the safe and stable operation of power system, energy security and sustainable development are of great importance to the current society.

1. Automation and Power System Operation

The automation system relies on various sensors and measuring instruments for precise control, real-time monitoring of key indicators of the power system, such as voltage, current, power, frequency, etc., and transmits these data to the regulatory platform for collection, preservation, preliminary processing, warning and other operations of these parameters. The automation system can accurately grasp the operation of the power system, pay attention to all kinds of abnormal phenomena in the power system, warn and take measures in advance to prevent accidents and ensure the stable and efficient operation of the power system. The automation system can operate according to pre-set strategies and algorithms to regulate and optimize the power system. The automation system can adjust according to the current power load situation and adjust the power generation of the generator to maintain the stability of the power system. All kinds of equipment in the power system, such as power stations, equipment, transmission networks, etc., can achieve accurate management with the help of automation systems, and timely adjust and optimize all aspects of the power system, so that the operation of the power system can achieve the best benefits. In addition, the automation system can use advanced optimization strategies to analyze the operation of the power system, explore the development trend of the power field, and even foresee the future demand for power, and further plan the most effective deployment and operation strategy. At the special moment, user demand and weather changes become the influencing factors, and the power system shows the characteristics of dynamic changes in the operation process. Therefore, the automation system must be continuously improved to keep the power system in the best operating state. With this method, the operation efficiency of the power system can be optimized, so as to improve the quality of power supply and ensure its stability and reliability [1].

2. Automation and Equipment Protection

The automation system has a key position in ensuring the safety of the equipment. The equipment has multiple protection functions, such as ground protection, current overload protection, differential current protection, etc., to provide protection for the equipment in the power system. The automation system relies on sensors and monitoring equipment to operate and monitor the equipment in the power system in real time. Transformer internal oil pressure monitoring depends on the pressure sensor to achieve, the application of temperature sensor is to detect the rise and fall of the temperature of the equipment, with the help of automatic monitoring of the state of the equipment, the system can predict the possible hidden dangers in advance. With the help of sensors and measuring equipment, the automation system monitors the changes of signals and parameters in the power system in real time. The changes of content data on current, voltage, frequency and other aspects are an early warning signal of equipment problems. The automation system can monitor the abnormal changes of equipment operation data at any time and ensure that the system compares the collected data with preset thresholds to find potential problems. When the automation system detects abnormal changes in signals and parameters, it will perform failure analysis. Therefore, the automation system has the function of accurately identifying equipment faults and fault types. Within the power transformer, the protection system is able to determine if there is a phase short circuit fault. When the automation system recognizes that there is a problem with the equipment, it will issue a command to activate the guard. When the current is overloaded, the protection device will cut off the power in time to isolate the fault and ensure that other equipment is intact. Automated systems can quickly and accurately activate protective equipment to prevent failures from spreading to normal operations and causing more serious damage. The automation system has the function of recording and storing fault events and equipment operation data, and carries out in-depth exploration and analysis on these data to optimize equipment performance and enhance system stability improvement [2]. Based on data recording and analysis, relevant personnel can evaluate the operating conditions of the equipment and carry out preventive maintenance on the equipment to reduce the probability of appliance damage. In terms of equipment protection, automation systems have the ability to efficiently monitor equipment conditions, capture abnormal signals and parameter changes, identify fault conditions, and activate protection devices. With the use of automation systems, equipment performance is optimized, stability and efficiency are improved, and the probability of failure is reduced to ensure the stable operation of the power system.

3. Relay Protection and Power System Security

The normal operation of the power system is inseparable from the key link of relay protection. The equipment can identify and eliminate abnormal circuits and ensure the safety of equipment and systems, which is its due responsibility. The relay protection system monitors the changes of current, voltage, frequency and other elements in the power system, and continuously pays attention to the operation of the power system to ensure its normal operation. When an abnormality is detected in the power system, the relay protection system immediately produces a corresponding response, and the safety of the power system depends on the synergy of various protection devices and relays. Protective devices include circuit breakers, contactors, isolating switches, etc., and relays are devices responsible for electrical signal conversion and control actions. The relay protection system shall take corresponding measures according to the nature of various faults and protection targets, and adopt appropriate protection devices and relays for application. When the power system fails, the relay protection system will start, the fault circuit will be removed immediately, and the related equipment will be isolated. In order to avoid the expansion of the fault and cause further damage to the system, it is particularly important to take timely measures. The automation system will use quick means to successfully eliminate faulty circuits, which will help ensure the safe and stable operation of equipment and systems, and maintain the stability of the power supply to ensure that the system runs worry-free. After eliminating the fault circuit, the relay protection system can operate normally, analyze the change of fault current and voltage, and find out the problem accurately [3]. Accurate identification of fault areas helps maintenance personnel to quickly lock the problem and reduce the length of fault handling to ensure that the power supply of the power system quickly returns to normal. The relay protection system has the function of recording and storing fault events and related data, including fault type, occurrence time, circuit cutting time, etc. These fault records will become an important basis for fault diagnosis and subsequent analysis, assisting power system operation and maintenance workers to deeply analyze the causes of faults, and implementing corresponding corrective measures for power system faults and safety problems, and it was evaluated and optimized. Using the relay protection system to achieve, the power system has the ability to quickly and accurately identify and isolate the fault circuit, to ensure the safety of equipment and system.

As an indispensable pillar of contemporary life, the power system maintains the normal operation of the society. Power system automation technology and relay protection measures, as a stable guardian, to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system, to protect the safety of equipment and systems, its importance is self-evident. The automation equipment of the power system can monitor the signal and equipment status in real time, improve the accuracy of fault identification and the efficiency of fault handling, so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system. The relay protection of power system plays a vital role in security, which can quickly eliminate the fault circuit, accurately lock the fault area, and ensure the stable operation of equipment and system. There is a close interaction between the automation system and the relay protection, and the collaborative development between them is very effective. The integration of the two helps to significantly enhance the safety and stability of the power system. Power system automation and relay protection technology is in the process of continuous evolution and innovation, there are still technical difficulties and the end of practical application. Therefore, the future research must be more in-depth analysis of the theoretical basis and application practice of power system automation and relay protection technology, in order to meet the urgent needs of power system security and stability.